24-Hour oscillation of mouse methionine aminopeptidase2, a regulator of tumor progression, is regulated by clock gene proteins

Methionine aminopeptidase2 (MetAP2) plays an important role in the growth of endothelial cells during the tumor angiogenesis stage. Recently, we have clarified that mouse methionine aminopeptidases (mMetAPs) show a 24-hour rhythm in implanted tumor masses. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism underlying the 24-hour rhythm of mMetAP2 activity in tumor-bearing mice under a light-dark (lights on from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.) cycle. The 5′ flanking region of mMetAP2 included eight E-boxes. The transcription of the mMetAP2 promoter was enhanced by the mCLOCK:mBMAL1 heterodimer, and its activation was inhibited by mPER2 or mCRY1. Deletion and mutation of the E-boxes in the region indicated that the E-box nearest to the initiation start site played an important role in the transcriptional regulation by clock genes. In sarcoma180-bearing mice, the pattern of binding of mCLOCK and mBMAL1 to the E-box and transcription of the mMetAP2 promoter showed a 24-hour rhythm with higher levels from the mid-light to early dark phase. The pattern of mMetAP2 transcription was closely associated with that of mMetAP2 mRNA expression in three types of tumor-bearing mice. mMetAP2 protein expression varied with higher levels from the late-dark to early light phase. The rhythmicity of the protein expression was synchronous with that of the activity of mMetAPs but out of phase with that of the mMetAP2 mRNA expression. These results suggest that the 24-hour rhythm of mMetAP2 activity is regulated by the transcription of clock genes within the clock feedback loops.