TY - JOUR
T1 - Cardiovascular disease prevalence and insulin resistance in the Kyushu–Okinawa Population Study and the Framingham Offspring Study
AU - Ikezaki, Hiroaki
AU - Ai, Masumi
AU - Schaefer, Ernst J.
AU - Otokozawa, Seiko
AU - Asztalos, Bela F.
AU - Nakajima, Katsuyuki
AU - Zhou, Yanhua
AU - Liu, Ching Ti
AU - Jacques, Paul F.
AU - Cupples, L. Adrienne
AU - Furusyo, Norihiro
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: H.I. was supported by the Japan Heart Foundation/Bayer Yakuhin Research Grant Abroad Program, Tokyo, Japan. This study was funded by the Japan Multi-institutional Collaborative Cohort Study (J-MICC Study), Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas of Cancer (No. 17015018) and Innovative Areas (No. 221S0001), and by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (JPSP KAKENHI Grant Number JP 16H06277) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. E.J.S., B.F.A, and P.F.J. were supported by the US Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service under Specific Cooperative Agreements #58-1950-0-014 and #58-1950-4-003, and Project Grant P50 HL083813-01 from the National Institutes of Health. Assay kits for insulin were provided by the Otsuka Pharmaceutical Corporation, Tokyo, Japan, and assay kits for direct LDL-C and sdLDL-C were provided by Denka Seiken Corporation, Tokyo, Japan. And these companies also provided fellowship support for M.A. and S.O. Support for the Framingham Offspring Study and L.A.C., C.L., and Z.Y. were provided by grant NHLBI N01-HC 25195 from the National Institute of Health. The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of any other organization including Kyushu University, Tufts University, Boston University, the US Department of Agriculture, or the National Institutes of Health.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 National Lipid Association
PY - 2017/3
Y1 - 2017/3
N2 - Background Age-adjusted cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence rates are significantly lower in Japan than in the United States. Objective Our aim was to compare CVD risk in participants in Fukuoka and Framingham. Methods We measured glucose, insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), small dense LDL-C, and triglycerides in men and women from Fukuoka (n = 1108), and age (median, 53 years) and gender-matched subjects from Framingham (n = 1101). Blood pressure, body mass index, use of medications, and history of CVD were also assessed. Results CVD prevalence rates were more than 6-fold higher in Framingham men and women than their Fukuoka counterparts (P < .001). Median body mass index, LDL-C, insulin levels, and insulin resistance assessment in Fukuoka men and women were significantly (P < .01) lower than in Framingham; however, diabetes prevalence in Fukuoka men was significantly (P < .01) higher than in Framingham men, whereas female rates were similar, as were levels of systolic blood pressure. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and surprisingly small dense LDL-C levels were significantly (P < .001) higher in Fukuoka than in Framingham. Standard risk factors do not account for the large differences in CVD prevalence rates between the 2 populations, and population differences in insulin resistance may explain some of these differences. Conclusions Our data are consistent with the concept that the CVD prevalence rate in a Japanese population is much lower than those observed in the United States, and that these differences cannot be explained by standard CVD risk factors, but may relate to marked population differences in insulin resistance.
AB - Background Age-adjusted cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence rates are significantly lower in Japan than in the United States. Objective Our aim was to compare CVD risk in participants in Fukuoka and Framingham. Methods We measured glucose, insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), small dense LDL-C, and triglycerides in men and women from Fukuoka (n = 1108), and age (median, 53 years) and gender-matched subjects from Framingham (n = 1101). Blood pressure, body mass index, use of medications, and history of CVD were also assessed. Results CVD prevalence rates were more than 6-fold higher in Framingham men and women than their Fukuoka counterparts (P < .001). Median body mass index, LDL-C, insulin levels, and insulin resistance assessment in Fukuoka men and women were significantly (P < .01) lower than in Framingham; however, diabetes prevalence in Fukuoka men was significantly (P < .01) higher than in Framingham men, whereas female rates were similar, as were levels of systolic blood pressure. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and surprisingly small dense LDL-C levels were significantly (P < .001) higher in Fukuoka than in Framingham. Standard risk factors do not account for the large differences in CVD prevalence rates between the 2 populations, and population differences in insulin resistance may explain some of these differences. Conclusions Our data are consistent with the concept that the CVD prevalence rate in a Japanese population is much lower than those observed in the United States, and that these differences cannot be explained by standard CVD risk factors, but may relate to marked population differences in insulin resistance.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jacl.2017.01.014
DO - 10.1016/j.jacl.2017.01.014
M3 - Article
C2 - 28502490
AN - SCOPUS:85013837851
VL - 11
SP - 348
EP - 356
JO - Journal of Clinical Lipidology
JF - Journal of Clinical Lipidology
SN - 1933-2874
IS - 2
ER -
