TY - JOUR
T1 - Characteristics of Ice Clouds Over Mountain Regions Detected by CALIPSO and CloudSat Satellite Observations
AU - Seiki, Tatsuya
AU - Kodama, Chihiro
AU - Satoh, Masaki
AU - Hagihara, Yuichiro
AU - Okamoto, Hajime
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank the three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions. The lidar, ECMWF ancillary atmospheric state, radar/lidar cloud mask, and the radar/lidar cloud microphysics property products that were used in this paper were supplied by the EarthCARE Research Product Monitor (http://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/EARTHCARE/research_product/ecare_monitor.html), the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). We are grateful to the CALIPSO and CloudSat science teams for providing the data used in the study. The GTOPO30 data are available from the U.S. Geological Survey (https://lta.cr.usgs.gov/GTOPO30). T. Seiki, C. Kodama, and M. Satoh were supported by the “Integrated Research Program for Advancing Climate Models (TOUGOU program)” and the FLAGSHIP2020 project from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan. H. Okamoto was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI under Grant JP17H06139.
Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank the three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions. The lidar, ECMWF ancillary atmospheric state, radar/lidar cloud mask, and the radar/lidar cloud microphysics property products that were used in this paper were supplied by the EarthCARE Research Product Monitor (http://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/EARTHCARE/research_product/ecare_monitor.html), the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). We are grateful to the CALIPSO and CloudSat science teams for providing the data used in the study. The GTOPO30 data are available from the U.S. Geological Survey (https://lta.cr.usgs.gov/GTOPO30). T. Seiki, C. Kodama, and M. Satoh were supported by the ?Integrated Research Program for Advancing Climate Models (TOUGOU program)? and the FLAGSHIP2020 project from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan. H. Okamoto was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI under Grant JP17H06139.
Publisher Copyright:
©2019. The Authors.
PY - 2019/10/27
Y1 - 2019/10/27
N2 - This study examines the characteristics of orographic ice clouds in steep mountain regions using 3 years of CloudSat and CALIPSO satellite products. A combination of radar and lidar cloud fraction data is used to identify ice cloud systems. Additionally, the retrieved ice water content (IWC) and ice number concentration (NI) are used to analyze the dominant ice cloud microphysics in convective- and cirrus-type clouds. The analysis shows that temporally averaged values of the IWC and NI are larger in mountain regions than in land and ocean regions. For convective clouds over mountains, both the IWC and NI have larger values at atmospheric temperatures warmer than 250 K, suggesting a dominant role for the freezing of supercooled liquid water. For cirrus clouds over mountains, however, only the NI has larger values at atmospheric temperatures colder than 240 K, indicating the importance of homogeneous ice nucleation. These characteristics of ice-phase clouds in terms of the IWC and NI in mountain regions are distinct, with a horizontal scale smaller than 300 km. This study suggests that it is useful to categorize ice clouds in mountain regions in addition to ocean and land regions to evaluate the microphysical properties (mass and number) of such ice clouds in atmospheric models.
AB - This study examines the characteristics of orographic ice clouds in steep mountain regions using 3 years of CloudSat and CALIPSO satellite products. A combination of radar and lidar cloud fraction data is used to identify ice cloud systems. Additionally, the retrieved ice water content (IWC) and ice number concentration (NI) are used to analyze the dominant ice cloud microphysics in convective- and cirrus-type clouds. The analysis shows that temporally averaged values of the IWC and NI are larger in mountain regions than in land and ocean regions. For convective clouds over mountains, both the IWC and NI have larger values at atmospheric temperatures warmer than 250 K, suggesting a dominant role for the freezing of supercooled liquid water. For cirrus clouds over mountains, however, only the NI has larger values at atmospheric temperatures colder than 240 K, indicating the importance of homogeneous ice nucleation. These characteristics of ice-phase clouds in terms of the IWC and NI in mountain regions are distinct, with a horizontal scale smaller than 300 km. This study suggests that it is useful to categorize ice clouds in mountain regions in addition to ocean and land regions to evaluate the microphysical properties (mass and number) of such ice clouds in atmospheric models.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85074345407&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85074345407&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1029/2019JD030519
DO - 10.1029/2019JD030519
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85074345407
VL - 124
SP - 10858
EP - 10877
JO - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
SN - 2169-897X
IS - 20
ER -
