TY - JOUR
T1 - Combined effect of diazepam and polystyrene microplastics on the social behavior of medaka (Oryzias latipes)
AU - Takai, Yuki
AU - Tokusumi, Hideaki
AU - Sato, Moeko
AU - Inoue, Daishi
AU - Chen, Kun
AU - Takamura, Takumi
AU - Enoki, Shintaro
AU - Ueno, Yu
AU - Kang, Ik Joon
AU - Shimasaki, Yohei
AU - Qiu, Xuchun
AU - Oshima, Yuji
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP21H05058), the Environmental Research and Technology Development Fund of the Ministry of the Environment of Japan (Grant Number SII-2-2(2), JPMEERF18S20206), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number 32071623), and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (Grant Number BK20191433). We thank editors from ELSS, Inc. (https://www.elss.co.jp/en/), for English proofreading of the manuscript.
Funding Information:
This study was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP21H05058 ), the Environmental Research and Technology Development Fund of the Ministry of the Environment of Japan (Grant Number SII-2-2(2) , JPMEERF18S20206 ), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number 32071623 ), and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (Grant Number BK20191433 ). We thank editors from ELSS, Inc. ( https://www.elss.co.jp/en/ ), for English proofreading of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/7
Y1 - 2022/7
N2 - The combined effect of microplastics and pharmaceuticals on aquatic organisms is an issue of concern. In this laboratory study, we evaluated the combined effect of polystyrene microplastics (2-μm diameter) and diazepam on the social behavior of medaka (Oryzias latipes) by using the shoaling behavior test with five treatment groups: solvent control, polystyrene microplastics exposure (0.04 mg/L), low-concentration diazepam exposure (0.03 mg/L), high-concentration diazepam exposure (0.3 mg/L), and polystyrene microplastics and low-concentration diazepam co-exposure. After 7 days of exposure, the shoal-leaving behavior of the high-concentration diazepam exposure group (8.9 ± 8.3 counts/medaka) and the co-exposure group (6.8 ± 6.7 counts/medaka) was significantly greater than that in the solvent control group (1.8 ± 2.6 counts/medaka). Even after 5 days of recovery, medaka in the co-exposure group left the shoal more often (7.3 ± 5.0 counts/medaka) than those in the solvent control group (2.6 ± 2.6 counts/medaka), whereas the shoal-leaving behavior in other exposure groups, except for the high-concentration diazepam exposure group, was restored. Our findings show that the combined effects of diazepam and polystyrene microplastics suppressed medaka social behavior, suggesting that the presence of microplastics can enhance the adverse effects of pollutants on the social behavior of aquatic organisms.
AB - The combined effect of microplastics and pharmaceuticals on aquatic organisms is an issue of concern. In this laboratory study, we evaluated the combined effect of polystyrene microplastics (2-μm diameter) and diazepam on the social behavior of medaka (Oryzias latipes) by using the shoaling behavior test with five treatment groups: solvent control, polystyrene microplastics exposure (0.04 mg/L), low-concentration diazepam exposure (0.03 mg/L), high-concentration diazepam exposure (0.3 mg/L), and polystyrene microplastics and low-concentration diazepam co-exposure. After 7 days of exposure, the shoal-leaving behavior of the high-concentration diazepam exposure group (8.9 ± 8.3 counts/medaka) and the co-exposure group (6.8 ± 6.7 counts/medaka) was significantly greater than that in the solvent control group (1.8 ± 2.6 counts/medaka). Even after 5 days of recovery, medaka in the co-exposure group left the shoal more often (7.3 ± 5.0 counts/medaka) than those in the solvent control group (2.6 ± 2.6 counts/medaka), whereas the shoal-leaving behavior in other exposure groups, except for the high-concentration diazepam exposure group, was restored. Our findings show that the combined effects of diazepam and polystyrene microplastics suppressed medaka social behavior, suggesting that the presence of microplastics can enhance the adverse effects of pollutants on the social behavior of aquatic organisms.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134403
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134403
M3 - Article
C2 - 35341767
AN - SCOPUS:85126919079
VL - 299
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
SN - 0045-6535
M1 - 134403
ER -
