Effect of the radial electric field on alpha particle loss in tokamaks

The effect of the radial electric field near the plasma edge on the ripple trapped loss of fusion alpha particles is discussed. The order of magnitude of the potential difference, which substantially affects the localized heat load on the first wall, is also studied. If the potential difference is of the order of the plasma temperature, the peaking of the localized heat deposition on the first wall becomes weaker owing to the energy distribution of the ripple trapped loss particles.