Elimination of pulses and spirals by external forces in Luo-Rudy model

The Luo-Rudy model is one of the standard models for the excitation of cardiac cells. Traveling pulses and spiral waves appear in one-dimensional or two-dimensional Luo-Rudy models. Spiral waves in two-dimensional systems are interpreted as a possible origin of ventricular fibrillation, which is the most serious type of cardiac arrhythmia. Defibrillation is a process to eliminate spiral waves and stop ventricular fibrillation. We perform numerical simulations to eliminate traveling pulses and spiral waves by applying direct current or alternating current to the Luo-Rudy model.