TY - JOUR
T1 - Genetic remodeling of gangliosides resulted in the enhanced reactions to the foreign substances in skin
AU - Fukumoto, Satoshi
AU - Yamamoto, Akihito
AU - Hasegawa, Tomokazu
AU - Abe, Kuniko
AU - Takamiya, Kogo
AU - Okada, Masahiko
AU - Min, Zhao Jin
AU - Furukawa, Keiko
AU - Miyazaki, Hiroshi
AU - Tsuji, Yoshiro
AU - Goto, George
AU - Suzuki, Misao
AU - Shiku, Hiroshi
AU - Furukawa, Koichi
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Miss. Y. Honda for excellent technical assistance, and Dr. K. Ya-mamura at Kumamoto University for helpful discussion. This work was supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas (05274103) from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, Japan.
PY - 1997/12
Y1 - 1997/12
N2 - Several lines of transgenic mice with gangliosides GM2/GD2 synthase gene were established, and the expression levels of the transgene in brain, liver, spleen and thymus were analyzed by comparing with those in their litter mates. Among four tissues, brain and skin showed markedly high expression levels of the transgene in Northern blotting. Particularly, transgenic mice skin showed about 10-fold higher expression of GM2/GD2 synthase gene than the wild type mice skin. Therefore, alterations in the morphology, glycolipid components, and responses to the exogenous stimulations in the transgenic mice skin were examined. Gangliosides in the transgenic skin were dramatically converted from GM3 to GM1, whereas no morphological changes were observed. However, when skin flap test was performed with insertion of nylon membranes under the skin flaps, much stronger inflammatory reactions consisting of edema, marked thickness, and cell infiltration were observed in the transgenic mice compared with the wild type. Similar enhanced inflammatory reaction was also observed in the skin injected by silicon gel, and in the peritoneal reaction to the injected casein. Main cell population in these inflammatory reactions consisted of neutrophils, suggesting an increased sensitivity of neutrophils to chemotactic factors in the transgenic mice.
AB - Several lines of transgenic mice with gangliosides GM2/GD2 synthase gene were established, and the expression levels of the transgene in brain, liver, spleen and thymus were analyzed by comparing with those in their litter mates. Among four tissues, brain and skin showed markedly high expression levels of the transgene in Northern blotting. Particularly, transgenic mice skin showed about 10-fold higher expression of GM2/GD2 synthase gene than the wild type mice skin. Therefore, alterations in the morphology, glycolipid components, and responses to the exogenous stimulations in the transgenic mice skin were examined. Gangliosides in the transgenic skin were dramatically converted from GM3 to GM1, whereas no morphological changes were observed. However, when skin flap test was performed with insertion of nylon membranes under the skin flaps, much stronger inflammatory reactions consisting of edema, marked thickness, and cell infiltration were observed in the transgenic mice compared with the wild type. Similar enhanced inflammatory reaction was also observed in the skin injected by silicon gel, and in the peritoneal reaction to the injected casein. Main cell population in these inflammatory reactions consisted of neutrophils, suggesting an increased sensitivity of neutrophils to chemotactic factors in the transgenic mice.
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U2 - 10.1093/glycob/7.8.1111
DO - 10.1093/glycob/7.8.1111
M3 - Article
C2 - 9455912
AN - SCOPUS:0031459859
VL - 7
SP - 1111
EP - 1120
JO - Glycobiology
JF - Glycobiology
SN - 0959-6658
IS - 8
ER -