@article{8c7d39e9f234408a9cf331ef97a0acd0,
title = "Geotechnical damage due to the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake and future challenges",
abstract = "The 2016 Kumamoto earthquake with a moment magnitude of 7.0 (Japanese intensity = 7) that struck on April 16 brought devastation in many areas of Kumamoto Prefecture and partly in Oita Prefecture in Kyushu Region, Japan. The earthquake preceded a foreshock of magnitude 6.5 (Japanese intensity = 7) on April 14. This paper summarizes the damage brought to geotechnical structures by the two consecutive earthquakes within a span of twenty-eight hours. The paper highlighted some of the observed damage and identifies reasons for such damage. The geotechnical challenges towards mitigation of losses from such earthquakes are also suggested.",
author = "H. Hazarika and T. Kokusho and Kayen, {R. E.} and S. Dashti and H. Fukuoka and T. Ishizawa and Y. Kochi and D. Matsumoto and H. Furuichi and T. Hirose and T. Fujishiro and K. Okamoto and M. Tajiri and M. Fukuda",
note = "Funding Information: The financial grant under J-RAPID program (Principal Investigator: Hemanta Hazarika) provided by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also express their sincere gratitude to Prof. Kenji Ishihara, past president of ISSMGE and presently at Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan for his helpful guidance during the second survey by the Japan-USA joint investigation team. The authors also would like to acknowledge the following individuals (without any particular order) for their great contributions in various capacities towards this survey, without whose support the compilation of this report would not have been possible: Mr. Katsuji Takematsu, Mr. Takayuki Morinaga, Mr. Akira Shigeoka and Mr. Takehiko Aoyagi (Japan Foundation Engineering Co., Ltd., Japan); Mr. Yuta Kitano (Giken Ltd., Japan); Mr. Hitoshi Tanaka, Mr. Takeshi Tochio and Mr. Shogo Endo (Kiso-Jiban Consultants Co., Ltd., Japan); Mr. Mitsuru Ozaki (Kankyo Bosai Co. Ltd., Tokushima); Mr. Babloo Chaudhary, Mr. Kengo Nishimura, Mr. Mamoru Suzuki, Mr. Siavash Manafi Khajeh Pasha, Mr. Katsuya Ogo, Ms. Chu Chu, Ms. Wa Ode Sumartini, Ms. Thuy Tran Thanh (Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan); Ms. Jenny Ramirez Calderon and Ms. Samantha Guillies (University of Colorado, Boulder, USA). The authors also would like to express their sincere gratitude to Prof. Kazunori Watanabe, Prof, emeritus of Kumamoto University, for his valuable time to accompany us during the survey to explain the geological features of Aso Caldera landslides area. The last but not the least, the first author also would like to acknowledge Dr. Tsuneo Ohsumi of National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED), Tsukuba, Japan for sharing many valuable data, which were instrumental in preparing this document. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 International Association of Lowland Technology. All rights reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "2017",
month = dec,
language = "English",
volume = "19",
pages = "189--204",
journal = "Lowland Technology International",
issn = "1344-9656",
publisher = "International Association of Lowland Technology",
number = "3",
}