Growth of the fourspine sculpin Cottus kazika in the Gonokawa River, Japan, and effects of water temperature on growth

The fourspine sculpin Cottus kazika is indigenous to Japan and found in Honshu except for the waters facing the Seto Inland Sea, and was also found in southern Shikoku and eastern Kyushu. This species has a catadromous lifestyle and migrates as juveniles from the sea to the middle reaches of rivers to grow. The growth pattern of this fish was investigated by a mark-and-recapture method from July 1994 to December 1996, in the Nigorikawa River, a tributary of the Gonokawa River system, Shimane Prefecture. 0-year-old fish of 50-70 mm total length (TL) occurred in the study area from June to July, grew to 90-140 mm TL by the following April, and attained 160-210 mm TL by December. This fish grew rapidly in September-November and April-July, almost ceasing to grow in July-September. It seems that this stagnant growth phase in summer is a characteristic of the seasonal growth pattern of C. kazika. A rearing experiment indicated that the growth rate of C. kazika was higher at 16-22°C than at 12-14 and 24-26°C. This result supports the field evidence of a stagnant growth phase in summer in the Nigorikawa River.