Haplotyping analyses on disease susceptibility genes in urogenital cancer: The application for ordermade care

Variations in cancer-causative genes are potentially associated with high-risk groups of the disease. We hypothesized that Luteinizing hormone β, CYP17, Glutathione S-transferase (GST) P1, M1, T1 and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) are prostate cancer susceptibility molecules. We determined the distributions of polymorphisms in these genes in Caucasian familial prostate cancer patients (n=171), an age- and race-matched control group (n=144) and in Japanese prostate cancer patients (n=68), and a matched control group (n=126). We observed a significantly higher frequency of variant type of LHβ only in Caucasians, and not in Japanese. Furthermore, we found a significantly higher frequency of polymorphic valine¹⁰⁵ in the GSTP1 gene both in Caucasians and in Japanese. Our results indicate that the genetic variants of LHβ and GSTP1 have some significance in the predisposition of prostate cancer in each population, and that these markers could be useful for predicting the prostate cancer risk of individuals.