TY - JOUR
T1 - Impaired hypoglossal nerve regeneration in mutant mice lacking complex gangliosides
T2 - Down-regulation of neurotrophic factors and receptors as possible mechanisms
AU - Kittaka, Daiji
AU - Itoh, Michi Ichirou
AU - Ohmi, Yuhsuke
AU - Kondo, Yuji
AU - Fukumoto, Satoshi
AU - Urano, Takeshi
AU - Tajima, Orie
AU - Furukawa, Keiko
AU - Furukawa, Koichi
PY - 2008/7
Y1 - 2008/7
N2 - Gangliosides, sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids, have been considered to play roles as neurotrophic factors. Exogenous gangliosides added to the culture medium of neuronal cells or injected in artificially injured sites of nerve tissues actually showed neurotrophic factor-like effects such as neurite extension and alleviation of nerve tissue deterioration. In this study, neuroregeneration in the mutant mice lacking complex gangliosides was examined. To determine whether the nervous system maintains regenerative activity in the long-term absence of complex gangliosides, we analyzed hypoglossal nerve regeneration after axotomy in the mutant mice of GM2/GD2 synthase. These mice exhibited marked impairment of regenerative activity both in the number of surviving neurons and in the number of peroxidase-positive neurons. Moreover, reduced levels of gene expression of neurotrophic factors and their receptors including CNTF, p75 NTR, TrkB, and others in hypoglossal neurons were observed in real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction combined with laser capture microdissection, suggesting that these molecules are, at least partly, involved in the regeneration of lesioned nerves and that their expression levels are precisely controlled in the presence of intact expression of complex gangliosides. The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
AB - Gangliosides, sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids, have been considered to play roles as neurotrophic factors. Exogenous gangliosides added to the culture medium of neuronal cells or injected in artificially injured sites of nerve tissues actually showed neurotrophic factor-like effects such as neurite extension and alleviation of nerve tissue deterioration. In this study, neuroregeneration in the mutant mice lacking complex gangliosides was examined. To determine whether the nervous system maintains regenerative activity in the long-term absence of complex gangliosides, we analyzed hypoglossal nerve regeneration after axotomy in the mutant mice of GM2/GD2 synthase. These mice exhibited marked impairment of regenerative activity both in the number of surviving neurons and in the number of peroxidase-positive neurons. Moreover, reduced levels of gene expression of neurotrophic factors and their receptors including CNTF, p75 NTR, TrkB, and others in hypoglossal neurons were observed in real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction combined with laser capture microdissection, suggesting that these molecules are, at least partly, involved in the regeneration of lesioned nerves and that their expression levels are precisely controlled in the presence of intact expression of complex gangliosides. The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
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U2 - 10.1093/glycob/cwn032
DO - 10.1093/glycob/cwn032
M3 - Article
C2 - 18480155
AN - SCOPUS:45749084909
SN - 0959-6658
VL - 18
SP - 509
EP - 516
JO - Glycobiology
JF - Glycobiology
IS - 7
ER -