@article{239faec59cfa45df91498d960194b826,
title = "Large-scale synthesis of functional tungsten oxide with controlled oxygen-deficiency by a continuous screw reactor",
abstract = "Oxygen-deficient tungsten oxide is one of the promising materials for broad applications due to its enhanced characteristics owing to the oxygen-deficiency. Development of a mass production process is crucial in consideration of the increasing demand of this material in industrial purposes. A continuous screw reactor was employed to the production of oxygen-deficient tungsten oxide. The effects of hydrogen concentration and the reduction time on the composition of products were investigated. The maximum WO2.72 mole fraction of 0.95 was achieved by optimum hydrogen concentration and reduction time. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) spectra of the products indicated the introduction of oxygen-deficiency. Anisotropic crystal growth in the (010) direction is found in the cross-section observation by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The displacing value from High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HR-TEM) demonstrated the existence of WO2.72. The reaction kinetic was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. Estimated activation energy supported the results from the continuous process. This work suggests the promising process for the large-scale production of functional materials.",
author = "Eri Kumai and Fuyumi Shimono and Manabu Tanaka and Takayuki Watanabe and Takeshi Hoshino and Satoshi Hosoda and Hiroshi Kanamori and Yuji Fujita",
note = "Funding Information: This work was partly supported by Nanotechnology Platform Program (Molecule and Material Synthesis) of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan. Grant Number JPMXP09 S21KU0027. Funding Information: This work was partly supported by Advanced Characterization Platform of the Nanotechnology Platform Japan sponsored by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan. Funding Information: This research was carried out as a part of the JAXA Space Exploration Innovation Hub Center (TANSAX) based on the JST Innovation Hub Construction Support Project. The XRD, SEM analysis were performed using Rigaku Smartlab and Hitachi SU3500 at the Center of Advanced Instrumental analysis, Kyushu University. This work was partly supported by Nanotechnology Platform Program (Molecule and Material Synthesis) of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan. Grant Number JPMXP09 S21KU0027. This work was partly supported by Advanced Characterization Platform of the Nanotechnology Platform Japan sponsored by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry",
year = "2022",
month = mar,
day = "25",
doi = "10.1016/j.jiec.2021.11.051",
language = "English",
volume = "107",
pages = "239--248",
journal = "Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry",
issn = "1226-086X",
publisher = "Korean Society of Industrial Engineering Chemistry",
}