Abstract
Microglia, the immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are busy and vigilant housekeepers in the adult brain. The main candidate as a chemoattractant for microglia at damaged site is adenosine triphosphate (ATP). However, many other substances can induce immediate change of microglia. Some neuropeptides such as angiotensin II, bradykinin (BK), endothelin, galanin (GAL), and neurotensin are also chemoattractants for microglia. Among them, BK increased microglial migration via B 1 receptor with different mechanism from that of ATP. BK-induced migration was controlled by a G i/o protein-independent pathway, while ATP-induced migration was via a G i/o protein-dependent and also a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent pathway. On the other hand, GAL is reported to have a similar signal cascade as that of BK, though only part of the signaling was similar to that of BK-induced migration. For example, BK activates reverse-mode Na +/Ca 2+ exchange allowing extracllular Ca 2+ influx, while GAL induces intracellular Ca 2+ mobilization via increasing inositol-1, 4, 5-trisphosphate. In addition, GAL activates MAPK/ERK-dependent signaling but BK did not. These results suggest that chemoattractants for immune cells in the brain including ATP and each peptide may have distinct role under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 53-62 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Advances in Neuroimmune Biology |
| Volume | 1 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Dec 1 2011 |
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All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
- Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Cite this
Neuropeptides as attractants of immune cells in the brain and their distinct signaling. / Noda, Mami; Ifuku, Masataka; Okuno, Yuko; Beppu, Kaoru; Mori, Yuki; Naoe, Satoko.
In: Advances in Neuroimmune Biology, Vol. 1, No. 1, 01.12.2011, p. 53-62.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Neuropeptides as attractants of immune cells in the brain and their distinct signaling
AU - Noda, Mami
AU - Ifuku, Masataka
AU - Okuno, Yuko
AU - Beppu, Kaoru
AU - Mori, Yuki
AU - Naoe, Satoko
PY - 2011/12/1
Y1 - 2011/12/1
N2 - Microglia, the immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are busy and vigilant housekeepers in the adult brain. The main candidate as a chemoattractant for microglia at damaged site is adenosine triphosphate (ATP). However, many other substances can induce immediate change of microglia. Some neuropeptides such as angiotensin II, bradykinin (BK), endothelin, galanin (GAL), and neurotensin are also chemoattractants for microglia. Among them, BK increased microglial migration via B 1 receptor with different mechanism from that of ATP. BK-induced migration was controlled by a G i/o protein-independent pathway, while ATP-induced migration was via a G i/o protein-dependent and also a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent pathway. On the other hand, GAL is reported to have a similar signal cascade as that of BK, though only part of the signaling was similar to that of BK-induced migration. For example, BK activates reverse-mode Na +/Ca 2+ exchange allowing extracllular Ca 2+ influx, while GAL induces intracellular Ca 2+ mobilization via increasing inositol-1, 4, 5-trisphosphate. In addition, GAL activates MAPK/ERK-dependent signaling but BK did not. These results suggest that chemoattractants for immune cells in the brain including ATP and each peptide may have distinct role under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
AB - Microglia, the immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are busy and vigilant housekeepers in the adult brain. The main candidate as a chemoattractant for microglia at damaged site is adenosine triphosphate (ATP). However, many other substances can induce immediate change of microglia. Some neuropeptides such as angiotensin II, bradykinin (BK), endothelin, galanin (GAL), and neurotensin are also chemoattractants for microglia. Among them, BK increased microglial migration via B 1 receptor with different mechanism from that of ATP. BK-induced migration was controlled by a G i/o protein-independent pathway, while ATP-induced migration was via a G i/o protein-dependent and also a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent pathway. On the other hand, GAL is reported to have a similar signal cascade as that of BK, though only part of the signaling was similar to that of BK-induced migration. For example, BK activates reverse-mode Na +/Ca 2+ exchange allowing extracllular Ca 2+ influx, while GAL induces intracellular Ca 2+ mobilization via increasing inositol-1, 4, 5-trisphosphate. In addition, GAL activates MAPK/ERK-dependent signaling but BK did not. These results suggest that chemoattractants for immune cells in the brain including ATP and each peptide may have distinct role under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84860179230&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3233/NIB-2011-005
DO - 10.3233/NIB-2011-005
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84860179230
VL - 1
SP - 53
EP - 62
JO - Advances in Neuroimmune Biology
JF - Advances in Neuroimmune Biology
SN - 1878-948X
IS - 1
ER -