TY - JOUR
T1 - Oral health among HIV-positive and HIV-negative children in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
T2 - A cross-sectional study
AU - Kikuchi, Kimiyo
AU - Yi, Siyan
AU - Yasuoka, Junko
AU - Tuot, Sovannary
AU - Okawa, Sumiyo
AU - Murayama, Makoto
AU - Yem, Sokunthea
AU - Chhoun, Pheak
AU - Eng, Sothearith
AU - Huot, Chantheany
AU - Morokuma, Seiichi
N1 - Funding Information:
2KHANA Center for Population Health Research, KHANA Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia 3Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, Singapore 4Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan 5Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan 6Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan 7Kawasaki City Dentists Association, Kanagawa, Japan 8National Pediatric Hospital, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Acknowledgements We acknowledge the staff in the National Paediatric Hospital, Phnom Penh, and the research staff for their contributions to this study. This research was supported by JSPS KAKENHI, grant number JP17H04658.
Funding Information:
Funding This research was supported by JSPS KAKENHI, grant number JP17H04658.
Publisher Copyright:
©
PY - 2021/3/11
Y1 - 2021/3/11
N2 - Background HIV-positive children are at high risk for oral mucosal disorders. Additionally, their low immune status is associated with dental caries. However, little is known about how their dental caries and related risk factors, such as salivary flow, salivary pH level and oral health-related quality of life, differ from those of HIV-negative children. The study aimed to assess (1) dental caries and related risk factors in HIV-positive compared with HIV-negative children and (2) the association between these factors and HIV seropositive status in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted as a baseline survey of a randomised controlled trial. The study setting was the National Pediatric Hospital's catchment area. The study population comprised 328 HIV-positive and 154 HIV-negative children aged 3-15 years and their caregivers. We collected clinical oral health data, questionnaire data to assess oral health-related quality of life and growth data. Results The mean number of decayed, missing or filled permanent teeth (DMFT) and deciduous teeth (dmft) among HIV-positive children was 4.0 (SD 3.6) and 7.0 (SD 4.9), respectively. Among HIV-negative children, the respective values were 3.3 (SD 3.7) and 7.1 (SD 4.6). Living with HIV was positively associated with DMFT (adjusted OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.01) and salivary flow (β=0.72, 95% CI 0.44 to 1.00) and negatively associated with salivary pH (β=-0.13, 95% CI-0.24 to-0.02). However, HIV-positive status was not significantly associated with dmft or oral health-related quality of life. Conclusions HIV-positive children had poorer oral health status regarding DMFT and salivary pH level. Specific strategies and further efforts are required to align their oral health status with that of HIV-negative children.
AB - Background HIV-positive children are at high risk for oral mucosal disorders. Additionally, their low immune status is associated with dental caries. However, little is known about how their dental caries and related risk factors, such as salivary flow, salivary pH level and oral health-related quality of life, differ from those of HIV-negative children. The study aimed to assess (1) dental caries and related risk factors in HIV-positive compared with HIV-negative children and (2) the association between these factors and HIV seropositive status in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted as a baseline survey of a randomised controlled trial. The study setting was the National Pediatric Hospital's catchment area. The study population comprised 328 HIV-positive and 154 HIV-negative children aged 3-15 years and their caregivers. We collected clinical oral health data, questionnaire data to assess oral health-related quality of life and growth data. Results The mean number of decayed, missing or filled permanent teeth (DMFT) and deciduous teeth (dmft) among HIV-positive children was 4.0 (SD 3.6) and 7.0 (SD 4.9), respectively. Among HIV-negative children, the respective values were 3.3 (SD 3.7) and 7.1 (SD 4.6). Living with HIV was positively associated with DMFT (adjusted OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.01) and salivary flow (β=0.72, 95% CI 0.44 to 1.00) and negatively associated with salivary pH (β=-0.13, 95% CI-0.24 to-0.02). However, HIV-positive status was not significantly associated with dmft or oral health-related quality of life. Conclusions HIV-positive children had poorer oral health status regarding DMFT and salivary pH level. Specific strategies and further efforts are required to align their oral health status with that of HIV-negative children.
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U2 - 10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000992
DO - 10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000992
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85102501437
SN - 2399-9772
VL - 5
JO - BMJ Paediatrics Open
JF - BMJ Paediatrics Open
IS - 1
M1 - e000992
ER -
