Abstract
Knowledge about the biogeographic affinities of the world's tropical forests helps to better understand regional differences in forest structure, diversity, composition, and dynamics. Such understanding will enable anticipation of region-specific responses to global environmental change. Modern phylogenies, in combination with broad coverage of species inventory data, now allow for global biogeographic analyses that take species evolutionary distance into account. Here we present a classification of the world's tropical forests based on their phylogenetic similarity. We identify five principal floristic regions and their floristic relationships: (i) Indo-Pacific, (ii) Subtropical, (iii) African, (iv) American, and (v) Dry forests. Our results do not support the traditional neo- versus paleotropical forest division but instead separate the combined American and African forests from their Indo-Pacific counterparts. We also find indications for the existence of a global dry forest region, with representatives in America, Africa, Madagascar, and India. Additionally, a northern-hemisphere Subtropical forest region was identified with representatives in Asia and America, providing support for a link between Asian and American northernhemisphere forests.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1837-1842 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Volume | 115 |
| Issue number | 8 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Feb 20 2018 |
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Phylogenetic classification of the world's tropical forests. / Slik, J. W.Ferry; Franklin, Janet; Arroyo-Rodríguez, Víctor et al.
In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 115, No. 8, 20.02.2018, p. 1837-1842.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Phylogenetic classification of the world's tropical forests
AU - Slik, J. W.Ferry
AU - Franklin, Janet
AU - Arroyo-Rodríguez, Víctor
AU - Field, Richard
AU - Aguilar, Salomon
AU - Aguirre, Nikolay
AU - Ahumada, Jorge
AU - Aiba, Shin Ichiro
AU - Alves, Luciana F.
AU - Anitha, K.
AU - Avella, Andres
AU - Mora, Francisco
AU - Aymard, Gerardo A.C.
AU - Báez, Selene
AU - Balvanera, Patricia
AU - Bastian, Meredith L.
AU - Bastin, Jean François
AU - Bellingham, Peter J.
AU - Van Den Berg, Eduardo
AU - Da Conceição Bispo, Polyanna
AU - Boeckx, Pascal
AU - Boehning-Gaese, Katrin
AU - Bongers, Frans
AU - Boyle, Brad
AU - Brambach, Fabian
AU - Brearley, Francis Q.
AU - Brown, Sandra
AU - Chai, Shauna Lee
AU - Chazdon, Robin L.
AU - Chen, Shengbin
AU - Chhang, Phourin
AU - Chuyong, George
AU - Ewango, Corneille
AU - Coronado, Indiana M.
AU - Cristóbal-Azkarate, Jurgi
AU - Culmsee, Heike
AU - Damas, Kipiro
AU - Dattaraja, H. S.
AU - Davidar, Priya
AU - DeWalt, Saara J.
AU - DIn, Hazimah
AU - Drake, Donald R.
AU - Duque, Alvaro
AU - Durigan, Giselda
AU - Eichhorn, Karl
AU - Eler, Eduardo Schmidt
AU - Enoki, Tsutomu
AU - Ensslin, Andreas
AU - Fandohan, Adandé Belarmain
AU - Farwig, Nina
AU - Feeley, Kenneth J.
AU - Fischer, Markus
AU - Forshed, Olle
AU - Garcia, Queila Souza
AU - Garkoti, Satish Chandra
AU - Gillespie, Thomas W.
AU - Gillet, Jean Francois
AU - Gonmadje, Christelle
AU - Granzow-De La Cerda, Iñigo
AU - Griffith, Daniel M.
AU - Grogan, James
AU - Hakeem, Khalid Rehman
AU - Harris, David J.
AU - Harrison, Rhett D.
AU - Hector, Andy
AU - Hemp, Andreas
AU - Homeier, Jürgen
AU - Hussain, M. Shah
AU - Ibarra-Manríquez, Guillermo
AU - Hanum, I. Faridah
AU - Imai, Nobuo
AU - Jansen, Patrick A.
AU - Joly, Carlos Alfredo
AU - Joseph, Shijo
AU - Kartawinata, Kuswata
AU - Kearsley, Elizabeth
AU - Kelly, Daniel L.
AU - Kessler, Michael
AU - Killeen, Timothy J.
AU - Kooyman, Robert M.
AU - Laumonier, Yves
AU - Laurance, Susan G.
AU - Laurance, William F.
AU - Lawes, Michael J.
AU - Letcher, Susan G.
AU - Lindsell, Jeremy
AU - Lovett, Jon
AU - Lozada, Jose
AU - Lu, Xinghui
AU - Lykke, Anne Mette
AU - Bin Mahmud, Khairil
AU - Mahayani, Ni Putu DIana
AU - Mansor, Asyraf
AU - Marshall, Andrew R.
AU - Martin, Emanuel H.
AU - Matos, Darley Calderado Leal
AU - Meave, Jorge A.
AU - Melo, Felipe P.L.
AU - Mendoza, Zhofre Huberto Aguirre
AU - Metali, Faizah
AU - Medjibe, Vincent P.
AU - Metzger, Jean Paul
AU - Metzker, Thiago
AU - Mohandass, D.
AU - Munguía-Rosas, Miguel A.
AU - Muñoz, Rodrigo
AU - Nurtjahya, Eddy
AU - De Oliveira, Eddie Lenza
AU - Onrizal,
AU - Parolin, Pia
AU - Parren, Marc
AU - Parthasarathy, N.
AU - Paudel, Ekananda
AU - Perez, Rolando
AU - Pérez-García, Eduardo A.
AU - Pommer, Ulf
AU - Poorter, Lourens
AU - Qi, Lan
AU - Piedade, Maria Teresa F.
AU - Pinto, José Roberto Rodrigues
AU - Poulsen, Axel Dalberg
AU - Poulsen, John R.
AU - Powers, Jennifer S.
AU - Prasad, Rama Chandra
AU - Puyravaud, Jean Philippe
AU - Rangel, Orlando
AU - Reitsma, Jan
AU - Rocha, DIogo S.B.
AU - Rolim, Samir
AU - Rovero, Francesco
AU - Rozak, Andes
AU - Ruokolainen, Kalle
AU - Rutishauser, Ervan
AU - Rutten, Gemma
AU - Mohd Said, Mohd Nizam
AU - Saiter, Felipe Z.
AU - Saner, Philippe
AU - Santos, Braulio
AU - Dos Santos, João Roberto
AU - Sarker, Swapan Kumar
AU - Schmitt, Christine B.
AU - Schoengart, Jochen
AU - Schulze, Mark
AU - Sheil, Douglas
AU - Sist, Plinio
AU - Souza, Alexandre F.
AU - Spironello, Wilson Roberto
AU - Sposito, Tereza
AU - Steinmetz, Robert
AU - Stevart, Tariq
AU - Suganuma, Marcio Seiji
AU - Sukri, Rahayu
AU - Sultana, Aisha
AU - Sukumar, Raman
AU - Sunderland, Terry
AU - Supriyadi,
AU - Suresh, H. S.
AU - Suzuki, Eizi
AU - Tabarelli, Marcelo
AU - Tang, Jianwei
AU - Tanner, Ed V.J.
AU - Targhetta, Natalia
AU - Theilade, Ida
AU - Thomas, Duncan
AU - Timberlake, Jonathan
AU - De Morisson Valeriano, Márcio
AU - Van Valkenburg, Johan
AU - Van Do, Tran
AU - Van Sam, Hoang
AU - Vandermeer, John H.
AU - Verbeeck, Hans
AU - Vetaas, Ole Reidar
AU - Adekunle, Victor
AU - Vieira, Simone A.
AU - Webb, Campbell O.
AU - Webb, Edward L.
AU - Whitfeld, Timothy
AU - Wich, Serge
AU - Williams, John
AU - Wiser, Susan
AU - Wittmann, Florian
AU - Yang, Xiaobo
AU - Yao, C. Yves Adou
AU - Yap, Sandra L.
AU - Zahawi, Rakan A.
AU - Zakaria, Rahmad
AU - Zang, Runguo
N1 - Funding Information: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. This study benefited greatly from data contributed by Patricia Alvarez-Loayza, Ana Andrade, Peter Ashton, Julian Bayliss, Luis Bernacci, Lilian Blanc, J. Bogaert, Matt Bradford, Mireille Breuer Ndoundou Hockemba, C. De Cannière, Miguel Castillo, Eduardo Catharino, Connie Clark, David Clark, Deborah Clark, Gilles Dauby, Jean-Louis Doucet, Pedro Eisenlohr, Leandro Ferreira, Christine Fletcher, Geraldo Franco, Gabriella M. Fredriksson, Girirai, Nimal Gunatilleke, Terese Hart, Miriam van Heist, Zhila Hemati, M. A. Hernández-Ruedas, David Kenfack, Kanehiro Kitayama, Eileen Larney, Ieda Leao do Amaral, Jean-Remy Makana, Punchi Manage Saranga Amila Ruwan, Antti Marjokorpi, Olga Martha Montiel, Miguel Martínez-Ramos, Henrik Meilby, Jerome Millet, Cao Min, Kazuki Miyamoto, Xiaoxue Mo, Juan Carlos Montero, Badru Mugerwa, Pantaleo Munishi, Helen Murphy, Hidetoshi Nagamasu, David Newbery, Rueben Nilus, Meyner Nusalawo, Susana Ochoa-Gaona, Atila Oliveira, Navendu Page, Andrea Permana, Nigel Pitman, Jean Razafimahaimodison, Rocío Rojas, Hugo Romero, M. Z. Rozainah, Fernanda Santos, Manichanh Satdichanh, Lars Schmidt, Lila Nath Sharma, Kade Sidiyasa, Eduardo da Silva Pinheiro, Peguy Tchouto, Johanna Urtado, Renato Valencia, Luis Valenzuela, Rodolfo Vasquez, Thorsten Wiegand, Guadelupe Williams-Linera, Hansjoerg Woll, Tsuyoshi Yoneda, and Nicole Zweifel. We also acknowledge contributed financial support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement 660020, Instituto Bem Ambiental (IBAM), Myr Projetos Sustentáveis, IEF, and CNPq, CAPES FAPEMIG, German Research Foundation (DFG; Grants CRC 552, CU127/3-1, HO 3296/2-2, HO3296/4-1, and RU 816), UNAM-PAPIIT IN218416 and Semarnat-CONACYT 128136, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnoloógico (CNPq, Brazil), Fundação Grupo Boticário de Proteção à Natureza/Brazil, PAPIIT-DGAPA-UNAM (Project IN-204215), National Geographic Society, National Foundation for Scientific and Technology Development Vietnam (Grant 106.11-2010.68), Operation Wallacea, and core funding for Crown Research Institutes from the New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment’s Science and Innovation Group. Some data in this publication were provided by the Tropical Ecology Assessment and Monitoring Network, a collaboration between Conservation International, the Missouri Botanical Garden, Smithsonian Institution, and Wildlife Conservation Society, and partially funded by these institutions, The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and other donors. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 IEEE.
PY - 2018/2/20
Y1 - 2018/2/20
N2 - Knowledge about the biogeographic affinities of the world's tropical forests helps to better understand regional differences in forest structure, diversity, composition, and dynamics. Such understanding will enable anticipation of region-specific responses to global environmental change. Modern phylogenies, in combination with broad coverage of species inventory data, now allow for global biogeographic analyses that take species evolutionary distance into account. Here we present a classification of the world's tropical forests based on their phylogenetic similarity. We identify five principal floristic regions and their floristic relationships: (i) Indo-Pacific, (ii) Subtropical, (iii) African, (iv) American, and (v) Dry forests. Our results do not support the traditional neo- versus paleotropical forest division but instead separate the combined American and African forests from their Indo-Pacific counterparts. We also find indications for the existence of a global dry forest region, with representatives in America, Africa, Madagascar, and India. Additionally, a northern-hemisphere Subtropical forest region was identified with representatives in Asia and America, providing support for a link between Asian and American northernhemisphere forests.
AB - Knowledge about the biogeographic affinities of the world's tropical forests helps to better understand regional differences in forest structure, diversity, composition, and dynamics. Such understanding will enable anticipation of region-specific responses to global environmental change. Modern phylogenies, in combination with broad coverage of species inventory data, now allow for global biogeographic analyses that take species evolutionary distance into account. Here we present a classification of the world's tropical forests based on their phylogenetic similarity. We identify five principal floristic regions and their floristic relationships: (i) Indo-Pacific, (ii) Subtropical, (iii) African, (iv) American, and (v) Dry forests. Our results do not support the traditional neo- versus paleotropical forest division but instead separate the combined American and African forests from their Indo-Pacific counterparts. We also find indications for the existence of a global dry forest region, with representatives in America, Africa, Madagascar, and India. Additionally, a northern-hemisphere Subtropical forest region was identified with representatives in Asia and America, providing support for a link between Asian and American northernhemisphere forests.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85042624090&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85042624090&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1073/pnas.1714977115
DO - 10.1073/pnas.1714977115
M3 - Article
C2 - 29432167
AN - SCOPUS:85042624090
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 115
SP - 1837
EP - 1842
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 8
ER -