Prognosis and postoperative lymphocyte count in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who received intraoperative allogenic blood transfusion: A retrospective study

Aims: The effect of perioperative blood transfusion on the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been fully investigated. To clarify the prognostic value of intraoperative allogenic blood transfusion, we conducted a comparative retrospective analysis of 224 patients with HCC who underwent hepatic resection. Methods: We compared clinicopathologic background and survival after hepatic resection between patients who received intraoperative blood transfusion (n = 101) and those who did not (n = 123). Results: Patients with blood transfusion had a larger tumor and more frequent vascular invasion than those without blood transfusion. The 5-year cancer-related survival rate after hepatic resection, but not the disease-free survival rate, was significantly lower in patients who underwent blood transfusion than in those who did not (38.3% vs. 66.7%, P < 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed intraoperative blood transfusion (P = 0.02), microscopic portal invasion (P < 0.01), and preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein elevation (P = 0.03) to be independent risk factors for poor outcome after hepatic resection. The negative effect of blood transfusion on postoperative survival was observed only in patients with a tumor larger than 50 mm in diameter. The absolute peripheral blood lymphocyte count on postoperative day 1 was significantly lower in patients who underwent blood transfusion (880/mm³) than in those who did not (1081/mm³) (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Our data suggest that intraoperative blood transfusion results in immunosuppression in the early postoperative period, allowing for progression of residual HCC after resection. Therefore, intraoperative allogenic blood transfusion should be avoided in patients with resectable HCC, particularly in those with a large tumor.