TY - JOUR
T1 - Reversal of Nonresponders and Postexposure Prophylaxis by Intradermal Hepatitis B Vaccination in Japanese Medical Personnel
AU - Nagafuchi, Seiho
AU - Kashiwagi, Seizaburo
AU - Okada, Kenji
AU - Anzai, Keizo
AU - Nakamura, Minoru
AU - Nishimura, Yasuharu
AU - Sasazuki, Takehiko
AU - Niho, Yoshiyuki
PY - 1991/5/22
Y1 - 1991/5/22
N2 - Thirty-one Japanese nonresponders to subcutaneous hepatitis B vaccination and 15 medical personnel who were accidentally exposed to specimens positive for hepatitis B e antigen and were given hepatitis B immunoglobulin were intradermally immunized with 5 μg of plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine every 2 weeks until delayed type hypersensitivity skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen became positive. Thirty (97%) of the 31 nonresponders developed delayed type hypersensitivity skin reactions to hepatitis B surface antigen after 2.3 ±1.2 (mean±SD) revaccinations. Twenty-nine (94%) of the 31 nonresponders had anti—hepatitis B surface antigen antibody levels greater than 10 IU/L. The immunoglobulin subclass of the antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen was mainly IgG1. After 1 year, 23 (74%) of the 31 nonresponders continued to have anti—hepatitis B surface antigen antibody levels greater than 10 IU/L. Persons accidentally exposed to specimens positive for hepatitis B e antigen developed delayed type hypersensitivity skin reactions to hepatitis B surface antigen following 3.1 ±1.1 revaccinations. None developed clinical hepatitis. There was no production of anti—hepatitis B core antigen antibody 1 year after exposure, indicating that protection was 100%. Intradermal hepatitis B vaccination is useful in reversing nonresponsiveness to hepatitis B surface antigen and for prophylaxis after exposure.
AB - Thirty-one Japanese nonresponders to subcutaneous hepatitis B vaccination and 15 medical personnel who were accidentally exposed to specimens positive for hepatitis B e antigen and were given hepatitis B immunoglobulin were intradermally immunized with 5 μg of plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine every 2 weeks until delayed type hypersensitivity skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen became positive. Thirty (97%) of the 31 nonresponders developed delayed type hypersensitivity skin reactions to hepatitis B surface antigen after 2.3 ±1.2 (mean±SD) revaccinations. Twenty-nine (94%) of the 31 nonresponders had anti—hepatitis B surface antigen antibody levels greater than 10 IU/L. The immunoglobulin subclass of the antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen was mainly IgG1. After 1 year, 23 (74%) of the 31 nonresponders continued to have anti—hepatitis B surface antigen antibody levels greater than 10 IU/L. Persons accidentally exposed to specimens positive for hepatitis B e antigen developed delayed type hypersensitivity skin reactions to hepatitis B surface antigen following 3.1 ±1.1 revaccinations. None developed clinical hepatitis. There was no production of anti—hepatitis B core antigen antibody 1 year after exposure, indicating that protection was 100%. Intradermal hepatitis B vaccination is useful in reversing nonresponsiveness to hepatitis B surface antigen and for prophylaxis after exposure.
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U2 - 10.1001/jama.1991.03460200059035
DO - 10.1001/jama.1991.03460200059035
M3 - Article
C2 - 1827167
AN - SCOPUS:0025814622
SN - 0002-9955
VL - 265
SP - 2679
EP - 2683
JO - JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association
JF - JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association
IS - 20
ER -
