Abstract
We report the in vivo role of specific cytotoxic cells in protecting fish from acute viral infections. Specifically, we found that (1) there is an inverse relationship between cytotoxic activities and viral load and (2) adoptive transfer of immune leukocytes prevented viral infection. Crucian carp hematopoietic necrosis virus (CHNV), which has a virulence to ginbuna crucian carp, was recently found and identified in Japan. Specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity of ginbuna leukocytes against CHNV-infected syngeneic cells was induced as a result of intraperitoneal inoculation with CHNV. This cytotoxicity was not induced against either virus-infected allogeneic cells or eel rhabidovirus- (EVA) infected syngeneic cells. In these respects, the cytotoxic activity was similar to that of mammalian cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity. Viral titers of tissues from infected fish were remarkably reduced 8 days after infections, when specific cytotoxic activity reached a peak. This result suggested that specific cytotoxic cells were responsible for the early control of CHNV replication. On the other hand, CHNV-specific antibody was greatly increased when the virus was eliminated by cytotoxic activities. The effectiveness of the virus-specific cytotoxicity was evaluated using adoptive cell transfer. Recipients that received leukocytes from immune syngeneic donors escaped CHNV infection. These findings suggest that virus-specific cytotoxic cells have a role in controlling viral infections in a fish.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 120-127 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Virology |
| Volume | 297 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Jan 1 2002 |
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All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Virology
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Role of specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity in protecting fish from viral infections. / Somamoto, T.; Nakanishi, T.; Okamoto, N.
In: Virology, Vol. 297, No. 1, 01.01.2002, p. 120-127.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Role of specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity in protecting fish from viral infections
AU - Somamoto, T.
AU - Nakanishi, T.
AU - Okamoto, N.
PY - 2002/1/1
Y1 - 2002/1/1
N2 - We report the in vivo role of specific cytotoxic cells in protecting fish from acute viral infections. Specifically, we found that (1) there is an inverse relationship between cytotoxic activities and viral load and (2) adoptive transfer of immune leukocytes prevented viral infection. Crucian carp hematopoietic necrosis virus (CHNV), which has a virulence to ginbuna crucian carp, was recently found and identified in Japan. Specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity of ginbuna leukocytes against CHNV-infected syngeneic cells was induced as a result of intraperitoneal inoculation with CHNV. This cytotoxicity was not induced against either virus-infected allogeneic cells or eel rhabidovirus- (EVA) infected syngeneic cells. In these respects, the cytotoxic activity was similar to that of mammalian cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity. Viral titers of tissues from infected fish were remarkably reduced 8 days after infections, when specific cytotoxic activity reached a peak. This result suggested that specific cytotoxic cells were responsible for the early control of CHNV replication. On the other hand, CHNV-specific antibody was greatly increased when the virus was eliminated by cytotoxic activities. The effectiveness of the virus-specific cytotoxicity was evaluated using adoptive cell transfer. Recipients that received leukocytes from immune syngeneic donors escaped CHNV infection. These findings suggest that virus-specific cytotoxic cells have a role in controlling viral infections in a fish.
AB - We report the in vivo role of specific cytotoxic cells in protecting fish from acute viral infections. Specifically, we found that (1) there is an inverse relationship between cytotoxic activities and viral load and (2) adoptive transfer of immune leukocytes prevented viral infection. Crucian carp hematopoietic necrosis virus (CHNV), which has a virulence to ginbuna crucian carp, was recently found and identified in Japan. Specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity of ginbuna leukocytes against CHNV-infected syngeneic cells was induced as a result of intraperitoneal inoculation with CHNV. This cytotoxicity was not induced against either virus-infected allogeneic cells or eel rhabidovirus- (EVA) infected syngeneic cells. In these respects, the cytotoxic activity was similar to that of mammalian cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity. Viral titers of tissues from infected fish were remarkably reduced 8 days after infections, when specific cytotoxic activity reached a peak. This result suggested that specific cytotoxic cells were responsible for the early control of CHNV replication. On the other hand, CHNV-specific antibody was greatly increased when the virus was eliminated by cytotoxic activities. The effectiveness of the virus-specific cytotoxicity was evaluated using adoptive cell transfer. Recipients that received leukocytes from immune syngeneic donors escaped CHNV infection. These findings suggest that virus-specific cytotoxic cells have a role in controlling viral infections in a fish.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0036316973&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0036316973&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1006/viro.2002.1486
DO - 10.1006/viro.2002.1486
M3 - Article
C2 - 12083842
AN - SCOPUS:0036316973
VL - 297
SP - 120
EP - 127
JO - Virology
JF - Virology
SN - 0042-6822
IS - 1
ER -