TY - JOUR
T1 - September 2019 Antarctic Sudden Stratospheric Warming
T2 - Quasi-6-Day Wave Burst and Ionospheric Effects
AU - Yamazaki, Y.
AU - Matthias, V.
AU - Miyoshi, Y.
AU - Stolle, C.
AU - Siddiqui, T.
AU - Kervalishvili, G.
AU - Laštovička, J.
AU - Kozubek, M.
AU - Ward, W.
AU - Themens, D. R.
AU - Kristoffersen, S.
AU - Alken, P.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Services Center (DISC) (https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/) for making the Aura/MLS geopotential height data (DOI: 10.5067/Aura/MLS/DATA2008) and MERRA-2 data (DOI: 10.5067/QBZ6MG944HW0) available. We also thank the European Space Agency (ESA) for providing the Swarm data. The Swarm EEJ and EEF data can be downloaded from the website (ftp://swarm-diss.eo.esa.int/Advanced/EEF/). The Swarm electron density data can be downloaded from the website (ftp://swarm-diss.eo.esa.int/Level1b/Latest_baselines/EFIx_LP/). The Swarm TEC data can be downloaded from the website (ftp://swarm-diss.eo.esa.int/Level2daily/Latest_baselines/TEC/TMS/). The geomagnetic activity index Kp was provided by the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences (https://www.gfz-potsdam.de/en/kp-index/). The solar activity index F10.7 was downloaded from the SPDF OMNIWeb database (https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov). This work was supported in part by ESA through Contract 4000126709/19/NL/IS “VERA” and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Grant YA-574-3-1.
Publisher Copyright:
©2020. The Authors.
PY - 2020/1/16
Y1 - 2020/1/16
N2 - An exceptionally strong stationary planetary wave with Zonal Wavenumber 1 led to a sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) in the Southern Hemisphere in September 2019. Ionospheric data from European Space Agency's Swarm satellite constellation mission show prominent 6-day variations in the dayside low-latitude region at this time, which can be attributed to forcing from the middle atmosphere by the Rossby normal mode “quasi-6-day wave” (Q6DW). Geopotential height measurements by the Microwave Limb Sounder aboard National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Aura satellite reveal a burst of global Q6DW activity in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere during the SSW, which is one of the strongest in the record. The Q6DW is apparently generated in the polar stratosphere at 30–40 km, where the atmosphere is unstable due to strong vertical wind shear connected with planetary wave breaking. These results suggest that an Antarctic SSW can lead to ionospheric variability through wave forcing from the middle atmosphere.
AB - An exceptionally strong stationary planetary wave with Zonal Wavenumber 1 led to a sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) in the Southern Hemisphere in September 2019. Ionospheric data from European Space Agency's Swarm satellite constellation mission show prominent 6-day variations in the dayside low-latitude region at this time, which can be attributed to forcing from the middle atmosphere by the Rossby normal mode “quasi-6-day wave” (Q6DW). Geopotential height measurements by the Microwave Limb Sounder aboard National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Aura satellite reveal a burst of global Q6DW activity in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere during the SSW, which is one of the strongest in the record. The Q6DW is apparently generated in the polar stratosphere at 30–40 km, where the atmosphere is unstable due to strong vertical wind shear connected with planetary wave breaking. These results suggest that an Antarctic SSW can lead to ionospheric variability through wave forcing from the middle atmosphere.
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U2 - 10.1029/2019GL086577
DO - 10.1029/2019GL086577
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85078317973
SN - 0094-8276
VL - 47
JO - Geophysical Research Letters
JF - Geophysical Research Letters
IS - 1
M1 - e2019GL086577
ER -