基于模型实验的拖拉机配置对稳定性的影响差异

Wheeled farm tractors are widely used in farming and accidents involving tractor rollover remain an ongoing problem. Investigating the significance variation of factorial effects on tractor stability on various terrains provides a theoretical reference for designing tractors with higher stability and provides operators criteria for avoiding rollover. In this paper, adopting the scale-model-based experimental approach, we simulated the progress that the tractor running along the side slope in random road surfaces. In order to interpret the rollover trend, we developed an evaluation index, called the load loss rate (LLR), which characterizes the strength of contact between the ground and tractor uphill wheels. The results showed that the reasonable increase in the front weight has a significant effect on improving the tractor stability in all kinds of road conditions. However, for medium uneven road surfaces such as farmland and rotary farm, the large diameter and low-pressure tire and the wide rear wheelbase will be more effective. Meanwhile, the optimization of the tractor configuration has been significantly impaired in higher uneven terrain such as plowed fields. In addition, the interaction of the configurational factors has no significant effect on the overall machine stability under all road conditions. The results of this paper may provide a theoretical reference for the targeted optimization of tractor configuration, which can help to improve the stability of tractors in complex road conditions.