TY - JOUR
T1 - Species richness correlates of raw and standardized co-occurrence metrics
AU - Ulrich, Werner
AU - Kubota, Yasuhiro
AU - Kusumoto, Buntarou
AU - Baselga, Andres
AU - Tuomisto, Hanna
AU - Gotelli, Nicholas J.
N1 - Funding Information:
W.U. was supported by the Polish National Science Centre (2014/13/ B/NZ8/04681). A.B. is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through grant CGL2016–76637-P.
Funding Information:
Polish National Science Centre, Grant No.: 2014/13/B/NZ8/04681; European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), Grant No.: CGL2016-76637-P
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
PY - 2018/4
Y1 - 2018/4
N2 - Measuring β-diversity and changes in species composition across multiple sites and environments is a major research focus in macroecology, and a variety of metrics have been proposed to quantify species co-occurrence patterns in a species × site occurrence matrix. However, indices of β-diversity and species co-occurrence are often statistically dependent on the number of species in an assemblage. We compared the results of several common co-occurrence metrics with patterns generated by a spatially explicit neutral model simulation. We found that all measures of co-occurrence and β-diversity, whether raw, rescaled or standardized by a null model expectation, were highly correlated with the total species richness of the landscape. The one important exception were the effect sizes of the fixed–fixed null model algorithm, which preserves row and column sums of the original matrix during matrix randomization. Our results call for a careful interpretation of meta-analyses of assemblages that differ widely in species richness. At a minimum, observed species richness should be used as a statistical covariate in regression analyses, and results of the fixed–fixed algorithm should be compared carefully with the results of other randomization tests.
AB - Measuring β-diversity and changes in species composition across multiple sites and environments is a major research focus in macroecology, and a variety of metrics have been proposed to quantify species co-occurrence patterns in a species × site occurrence matrix. However, indices of β-diversity and species co-occurrence are often statistically dependent on the number of species in an assemblage. We compared the results of several common co-occurrence metrics with patterns generated by a spatially explicit neutral model simulation. We found that all measures of co-occurrence and β-diversity, whether raw, rescaled or standardized by a null model expectation, were highly correlated with the total species richness of the landscape. The one important exception were the effect sizes of the fixed–fixed null model algorithm, which preserves row and column sums of the original matrix during matrix randomization. Our results call for a careful interpretation of meta-analyses of assemblages that differ widely in species richness. At a minimum, observed species richness should be used as a statistical covariate in regression analyses, and results of the fixed–fixed algorithm should be compared carefully with the results of other randomization tests.
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U2 - 10.1111/geb.12711
DO - 10.1111/geb.12711
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85039558732
VL - 27
SP - 395
EP - 399
JO - Global Ecology and Biogeography
JF - Global Ecology and Biogeography
SN - 1466-822X
IS - 4
ER -