TY - JOUR
T1 - Spectroscopic examination of enamel staining by coffee indicates dentin erosion by sequestration of elements
AU - Manno, Sinai H.C.
AU - Manno, Francis A.M.
AU - Ahmed, Irfan
AU - Ahmed, Rafay
AU - Shu, Lei
AU - Li, Li
AU - Xu, Shisan
AU - Xie, Fangjing
AU - Li, Vincent Wai
AU - Ho, Johnny
AU - Cheng, Shuk Han
AU - Lau, Condon
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council ( ECS CityU21201217 to C. L.) and the Hong Kong Health and Medical Research Fund ( 11122581 to C. L.). The author SHCM thanks to Mr. Heriberto Hernandez Gallegos, Mrs. Sandra Cortes, Mrs. Helen D. Manno and Mr. Francis A. Manno for their guidance and support.
PY - 2018/11/1
Y1 - 2018/11/1
N2 - The mechanism of coffee eliciting erosion on teeth is unclear as few studies have investigated the direct effect of coffee on enamel and dentin structures. The present study identified how coffee, the most popular beverage worldwide, induces staining and erosion on teeth. We show the grade of erosion of molars and incisors in Sprague Dawley rats from two different age groups, young (four weeks) and old (six months). We quantified the concentration of metals contained in coffee by mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To determine elemental content in enamel (i.e. superficial) and dentin (i.e. substructure), we used Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, respectively. For LIBS, a significant decrease of Ca, P, and Na was observed in the young coffee group relative to age-matched controls, whereas a significant increase in Mn, Fe, and K was observed. In the old coffee group, a significant increase of Mg, Fe, and K was observed along with a decrease of Mg, Ca, P, Na, Sr and Zn. For XRF, a significant decrease of the Ca/P ratio in the coffee group was observed. Spectroscopy results were correlated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histological analysis. The SEM analysis showed pores and open spaces between young and old coffee groups, respectively. Thinning of enamel layers, loss of continuity in the enamel-dentin-junction, and wide spaces in dentin tubules with coffee use was found histologically. Coffee induces decalcification of teeth that corresponds to erosion, exposing the dentin structure by reducing enamel. Coffee immersion demonstrated an intrinsic staining in dentin by metal deposition.
AB - The mechanism of coffee eliciting erosion on teeth is unclear as few studies have investigated the direct effect of coffee on enamel and dentin structures. The present study identified how coffee, the most popular beverage worldwide, induces staining and erosion on teeth. We show the grade of erosion of molars and incisors in Sprague Dawley rats from two different age groups, young (four weeks) and old (six months). We quantified the concentration of metals contained in coffee by mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To determine elemental content in enamel (i.e. superficial) and dentin (i.e. substructure), we used Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, respectively. For LIBS, a significant decrease of Ca, P, and Na was observed in the young coffee group relative to age-matched controls, whereas a significant increase in Mn, Fe, and K was observed. In the old coffee group, a significant increase of Mg, Fe, and K was observed along with a decrease of Mg, Ca, P, Na, Sr and Zn. For XRF, a significant decrease of the Ca/P ratio in the coffee group was observed. Spectroscopy results were correlated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histological analysis. The SEM analysis showed pores and open spaces between young and old coffee groups, respectively. Thinning of enamel layers, loss of continuity in the enamel-dentin-junction, and wide spaces in dentin tubules with coffee use was found histologically. Coffee induces decalcification of teeth that corresponds to erosion, exposing the dentin structure by reducing enamel. Coffee immersion demonstrated an intrinsic staining in dentin by metal deposition.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.07.032
DO - 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.07.032
M3 - Article
C2 - 30086959
AN - SCOPUS:85050111719
VL - 189
SP - 550
EP - 559
JO - Talanta
JF - Talanta
SN - 0039-9140
ER -