Surgical Treatment for Pneumothorax and Tumor-bronchial Fistula Secondary to Pulmonary Metastasis of Osteosarcoma in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients

Background: Pneumothorax and tumor-bronchial fistula are rare complications of pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma. Observations: We herein report the cases of 3 pediatric and adolescent patients who developed pneumothorax or tumor-bronchial fistula during treatment of pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma with chemotherapeutics or antiangiogenic agents. Two patients developed pneumothorax, and the other patient developed tumor-bronchial fistula. All of the patients finally underwent the surgery to treat their complications. Conclusions: Although it is not a curative surgery, surgery for pneumothorax and tumor-bronchial fistula is acceptable. The operative procedure should be considered on the basis of the predicted prognosis of the patient.