Surgically resected hepatic mass caused by fascioliasis

Fascioliasis is a parasitic infestation caused by the digenetic trematodes Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. It is not commonly seen in developed countries, so diagnosis there is always difficult as a result of confusion with other hepatic or biliary disorders. A 56-year-old man presented at our hospital with a hepatic mass that had been inadvertently discovered by ultrasonography. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a multi-cystic lesion distributed along the branch of the right bile duct. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography showed serrated changes ranging from the upper level of the common bile duct to the right hepatic bile duct. Eosinophilia was not observed and tumor marker levels were within normal ranges. Following right lobectomy combined with bile duct reconstruction, a histological examination revealed cholangitis with inflammatory cell infiltration accompanied by parasite egg-like structures and Charcot–Leyden crystals. An additional serologic test was positive for F. hepatica antibodies. A diagnosis of fascioliasis was thus confirmed by histopathology and serology. Fascioliasis should be suspected if imaging findings such as multiple small hypodense lesions in the liver are observed, and serologic tests can be useful for differential diagnosis.