Surveillance of urachal abscess in the Kyushu–Okinawa area of Japan

Objective: To report a multicenter experience with the management of urachal abscess treatment in Japan. Methods: This was a retrospective study of 263 cases of urachal abscess managed at 12 university hospitals in the Kyushu–Okinawa region over a 10-year period. Age, sex, abscess size, clinical symptoms, type of urachal remnants, and treatment were collected and analyzed. Results: The average age was 29.8 ± 18.1 years, with males accounting for approximately two-thirds of the study population. The average abscess size was 1.7 cm (range 0–11 cm). The most common presenting symptom was umbilical secretion (66%), followed by abdominal pain (46%). A total of 127 patients (48.3%) were treated with antibiotics alone, whereas 136 patients (51.7%) received surgical treatment. The surgical approach was laparotomy in 75 patients (61.0%) and laparoscopic surgery in 48 patients (39.0%). Regarding the type of urachal remnant, the urachus sinus (180 patients) accounted for 68.4% of the total. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study represents the first report on urachal abscess treatment in Japan. Our data show that the clinical symptoms might vary depending on the type of urachus remnant. It should be noted that gross hematuria, a characteristic symptom of urachal cancer, is rare in patients with urachal abscess.