The feature of metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy

Background and Objective To examine the association between the features of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia) and the risk of biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy in patients with prostate cancer. Methods This study included 283 Japanese patients with localized prostate cancer who were treated with radical prostatectomy between 2008 and 2012. Their oncological outcomes and the prognostic significance of several clinicopathological factors, as well as the features of MetS, were analyzed. Results Of 283 men who underwent radical prostatectomy, 49 (17.2%) subsequently developed BCR with a median postoperative follow-up of 14.8 months. Among the clinicopathological factors, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level at diagnosis, pathological stage, pathological Gleason score, and lymph-node involvement were independent risk factors for BCR in multivariate analysis. In addition, the number of metabolic risk factors was also an independent risk factor for BCR. Conclusions The features of MetS were linked with poorer outcome after radical prostatectomy among Japanese men. Further investigations are needed to determine the effect of improving MetS on prostate cancer prognosis.