TY - JOUR
T1 - The impact of television viewing on brain structures
T2 - Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses
AU - Takeuchi, Hikaru
AU - Taki, Yasuyuki
AU - Hashizume, Hiroshi
AU - Asano, Kohei
AU - Asano, Michiko
AU - Sassa, Yuko
AU - Yokota, Susumu
AU - Kotozaki, Yuka
AU - Nouchi, Rui
AU - Kawashima, Ryuta
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by JST/RISTEX and JST/CREST. This study was supported by a grant-in-aid for Young Scientists (B) (KAKENHI 23700306) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 The Author. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/5/1
Y1 - 2015/5/1
N2 - Television (TV) viewing is known to affect children's verbal abilities and other physical, cognitive, and emotional development in psychological studies. However, the brain structural development associated with TV viewing has never been investigated. Here we examined cross-sectional correlations between the duration of TV viewing and regional gray/white matter volume (rGMV/rWMV) among 133 boys and 143 girls as well as correlations between the duration of TV viewing and longitudinal changes that occurred a few years later among 111 boys and 105 girls. After correcting for confounding factors, we found positive effects of TV viewing on rGMV of the frontopolar and medial prefrontal areas in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, positive effects of TV viewing on rGMV/rWMV of areas of the visual cortex in cross-sectional analyses, and positive effects of TV viewing on rGMV of the hypothalamus/septum and sensorimotor areas in longitudinal analyses. We also confirmed negative effects of TV viewing on verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. These anatomical correlates may be linked to previously known effects of TV viewing on verbal competence, aggression, and physical activity. In particular, the present results showed effects of TV viewing on the frontopolar area of the brain, which has been associated with intellectual abilities.
AB - Television (TV) viewing is known to affect children's verbal abilities and other physical, cognitive, and emotional development in psychological studies. However, the brain structural development associated with TV viewing has never been investigated. Here we examined cross-sectional correlations between the duration of TV viewing and regional gray/white matter volume (rGMV/rWMV) among 133 boys and 143 girls as well as correlations between the duration of TV viewing and longitudinal changes that occurred a few years later among 111 boys and 105 girls. After correcting for confounding factors, we found positive effects of TV viewing on rGMV of the frontopolar and medial prefrontal areas in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, positive effects of TV viewing on rGMV/rWMV of areas of the visual cortex in cross-sectional analyses, and positive effects of TV viewing on rGMV of the hypothalamus/septum and sensorimotor areas in longitudinal analyses. We also confirmed negative effects of TV viewing on verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. These anatomical correlates may be linked to previously known effects of TV viewing on verbal competence, aggression, and physical activity. In particular, the present results showed effects of TV viewing on the frontopolar area of the brain, which has been associated with intellectual abilities.
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U2 - 10.1093/cercor/bht315
DO - 10.1093/cercor/bht315
M3 - Article
C2 - 24256892
AN - SCOPUS:84928902075
SN - 1047-3211
VL - 25
SP - 1188
EP - 1197
JO - Cerebral Cortex
JF - Cerebral Cortex
IS - 5
ER -