TY - JOUR
T1 - The potential of oceanic transport and onshore leaching of additive-derived lead by marine macro-plastic debris
AU - Nakashima, Etsuko
AU - Isobe, Atsuhiko
AU - Kako, Shin'ichiro
AU - Itai, Takaaki
AU - Takahashi, Shin
AU - Guo, Xinyu
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund ( B-1007 and 4-1502 ) of the Ministry of the Environment (Japan), Global Center of Excellence Program of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) of Japan ( E07 ), and Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Japan) ( 23-55433 ). We are all grateful to Professor Takada (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology) for theoretical guidance and technical advice. We also appreciate the Ehime Institute of Industrial Technology for excellent technical assistance and expertise with a metallograph.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2016/6/15
Y1 - 2016/6/15
N2 - The long-distance transport potential of toxic lead (Pb) by plastic marine debris was examined by pure water leaching experiments using plastic fishery floats containing high level of additive-Pb such as 5100 ± 74.3 mg kg-1. The leaching of Pb ended after sequential 480-h leaching experiments, and the total leaching amount is equivalent to approximately 0.1% of total Pb in a float. But it recovered when the float was scratched using sandpaper. We propose that a "low-Pb layer," in which Pb concentration is negligibly small, be generated on the float surface by the initial leaching process. Thickness of the layer is estimated at 2.5 ± 1.2 μm, much shallower than flaws on floats scratched by sandpaper and floats littering beaches. The result suggests that the low-Pb layer is broken by physical abrasion when floats are washed ashore, and that Pb inside the floats can thereafter leach into beaches.
AB - The long-distance transport potential of toxic lead (Pb) by plastic marine debris was examined by pure water leaching experiments using plastic fishery floats containing high level of additive-Pb such as 5100 ± 74.3 mg kg-1. The leaching of Pb ended after sequential 480-h leaching experiments, and the total leaching amount is equivalent to approximately 0.1% of total Pb in a float. But it recovered when the float was scratched using sandpaper. We propose that a "low-Pb layer," in which Pb concentration is negligibly small, be generated on the float surface by the initial leaching process. Thickness of the layer is estimated at 2.5 ± 1.2 μm, much shallower than flaws on floats scratched by sandpaper and floats littering beaches. The result suggests that the low-Pb layer is broken by physical abrasion when floats are washed ashore, and that Pb inside the floats can thereafter leach into beaches.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.03.038
DO - 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.03.038
M3 - Article
C2 - 27095373
AN - SCOPUS:84963542062
VL - 107
SP - 333
EP - 339
JO - Marine Pollution Bulletin
JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin
SN - 0025-326X
IS - 1
ER -