TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of current and emerging technologies in meeting Japan's mid- to long-term carbon reduction goals
AU - Chaube, Anshuman
AU - Chapman, Andrew
AU - Minami, Akari
AU - Stubbins, James
AU - Huff, Kathryn D.
N1 - Funding Information:
Prof. Huff is supported by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Faculty Development Program , the National Center for Supercomputing Applications , the International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-ICNER), sponsored by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology , and DOE ARPA-E MEITNER program award DE-AR0000983 .
Funding Information:
The author(s) gratefully acknowledge the support of the International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research ( WPI-I2CNER ), sponsored by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2021/12/15
Y1 - 2021/12/15
N2 - Using Japan as a proxy for a developed nation, we investigated the role of existing and nascent technologies in curbing carbon emissions. We simulated possible pathways to meeting 2030 and 2050 emission targets within the Japanese electricity supply sector using a single-region model in The Integrated MARKAL-EFOM System (TIMES). Critically, our simulations incorporate novel technologies like hydrogen electrolysers, carbon capture, photochemical water splitting, and emerging photovoltaic cells, assess long-term impacts up to the year 2100, and include life-cycle emissions and learning curves for parameters such as investment cost, efficiency, and emission coefficients. Results indicate that a hybrid approach, using nuclear power and hydrogen from renewable energy-based electrolysis, is cost-effective and provides long-term emission reduction along with energy security. Nuclear, wind, solar, and hydrogen from renewables emerge as key emission reduction technologies, while natural gas with carbon capture plays a minor role in achieving emission reduction targets.
AB - Using Japan as a proxy for a developed nation, we investigated the role of existing and nascent technologies in curbing carbon emissions. We simulated possible pathways to meeting 2030 and 2050 emission targets within the Japanese electricity supply sector using a single-region model in The Integrated MARKAL-EFOM System (TIMES). Critically, our simulations incorporate novel technologies like hydrogen electrolysers, carbon capture, photochemical water splitting, and emerging photovoltaic cells, assess long-term impacts up to the year 2100, and include life-cycle emissions and learning curves for parameters such as investment cost, efficiency, and emission coefficients. Results indicate that a hybrid approach, using nuclear power and hydrogen from renewable energy-based electrolysis, is cost-effective and provides long-term emission reduction along with energy security. Nuclear, wind, solar, and hydrogen from renewables emerge as key emission reduction technologies, while natural gas with carbon capture plays a minor role in achieving emission reduction targets.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117669
DO - 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117669
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85114948114
VL - 304
JO - Applied Energy
JF - Applied Energy
SN - 0306-2619
M1 - 117669
ER -
