Walking velocity model for accurate and massive pedestrian simulator

Recently, office buildings and commercial facilities are getting larger, and emergency evacuation guidance procedures are urgently required. To support evacuation planning, several kinds of evacuation simulations have been proposed. These use walking velocity models that were generated depending on actual pedestrian flow to define an agent's velocity. However, most of these conventional models have been simplified and it is difficult to reproduce complex evacuation scenarios faithfully. In this paper, we propose a walking velocity model for accurate pedestrian simulations. The model presents the relation between pedestrian density and velocity distribution; it was generated through analyzing flows observed from actual evacuation drills. We modeled dense pedestrian flows using the flow data with conventional models to improve simulation performance. In addition, we introduced a method of representing difference among individuals. The validity of the model is confirmed by experimenting with the pedestrian simulator.