TY - JOUR
T1 - β-arrestin-mediated signaling improves the efficacy of therapeutics
AU - Ibrahim, Islam A.A.E.H.
AU - Kurose, Hitoshi
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - β-Arrestins (β-arrestin-1 and β-arrestin-2) were first identified as proteins that have the ability to desensitize G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). However, it has recently been found that β-arrestins can activate signaling pathways independent of G protein activation. The diversity of these signaling pathways has also been recognized. This leads to an appreciation of β-arrestin-biased agonists, which is a new class of drugs that selectively activate β-arrestin-mediated signaling without G protein activation. In this review, we will discuss the recent advance of β-arrestin-mediated signaling pathways, including a brief account of different biased agonists, their pharmacological applications, and novel β-arrestin research.
AB - β-Arrestins (β-arrestin-1 and β-arrestin-2) were first identified as proteins that have the ability to desensitize G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). However, it has recently been found that β-arrestins can activate signaling pathways independent of G protein activation. The diversity of these signaling pathways has also been recognized. This leads to an appreciation of β-arrestin-biased agonists, which is a new class of drugs that selectively activate β-arrestin-mediated signaling without G protein activation. In this review, we will discuss the recent advance of β-arrestin-mediated signaling pathways, including a brief account of different biased agonists, their pharmacological applications, and novel β-arrestin research.
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U2 - 10.1254/jphs.11R10CP
DO - 10.1254/jphs.11R10CP
M3 - Review article
C2 - 22447307
AN - SCOPUS:84867206104
VL - 118
SP - 408
EP - 412
JO - Journal of Pharmacological Sciences
JF - Journal of Pharmacological Sciences
SN - 1347-8613
IS - 4
ER -