A precise method for rotating single cells

A precise method to rotate single cells is reported. In this method, the light pressure in the optical axis direction is harnessed as a rotating torque. Two proximal points in each cell are illuminated from different directions using two beams, and a light pressure is created that acts as a rotating torque. Using this proposed method, we could control the rotational direction of a microsphere regardless of the refractive index distribution in a noncontact operation. The microsphere could be rotated using proximal two-beam optical tweezers, and the rotational velocity could be controlled by changing the light intensity.