TY - JOUR
T1 - An association between serum γ-glutamyltransferase and proteinuria in drinkers and non-drinkers
T2 - a Japanese nationwide cross-sectional survey
AU - Ishigami, Toshihiro
AU - Yamamoto, Ryohei
AU - Nagasawa, Yasuyuki
AU - Isaka, Yoshitaka
AU - Rakugi, Hiromi
AU - Iseki, Kunitoshi
AU - Yamagata, Kunihiro
AU - Tsuruya, Kazuhiko
AU - Yoshida, Hideaki
AU - Fujimoto, Shouichi
AU - Asahi, Koichi
AU - Kurahashi, Issei
AU - Ohashi, Yasuo
AU - Moriyama, Toshiki
AU - Watanabe, Tsuyoshi
N1 - Funding Information:
The present study was supported by Health and Labor Sciences Research Grants for “Research on the positioning of CKD in Specific Health Check and Guidance in Japan” (20230601), the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014, Japanese Society of Nephrology.
PY - 2014/12/12
Y1 - 2014/12/12
N2 - Background: The association between alcohol consumption and chronic kidney disease (CKD), characterized by reduced glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria, is controversial. Recent studies suggest that serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level, a conventional marker of excessive alcohol consumption, predicts the CKD incidence. Little information is available on the difference in the clinical impact of alcohol consumption and GGT on proteinuria.Methods: The present cross-sectional survey included 332,296 Japanese people aged ≥40 years in 2008. To examine the associations of GGT and alcohol consumption with proteinuria, 134,600 men and 197,696 women were classified into 20 categories based on GGT quartiles and alcohol consumption categories, and their prevalence rate ratios (PRR) of proteinuria defined as ≥1+ of dipstick urinary protein were calculated after adjusting for clinically relevant factors.Results: Prevalence of proteinuria was 7.5 and 3.7 % in men and women, respectively. In both gender an association between alcohol consumption and proteinuria was in a J-shaped fashion with the lowest PRR of mild drinkers with ≤19 g/day of ethanol consumption, whereas an association between serum GGT level and proteinuria was linear. Compared with rare drinkers in the lowest GGT quartile, the subjects in higher GGT quartiles had a higher probability of proteinuria, irrespective of alcohol consumption. An optimal cutoff level of serum GGT was 43.6 and 23.2 IU/L in men and women, respectively.Conclusions: The subjects with higher serum GGT level had a higher probability of proteinuria, regardless of alcohol consumption, suggesting that GGT has a clinically greater impact on CKD than alcohol consumption.
AB - Background: The association between alcohol consumption and chronic kidney disease (CKD), characterized by reduced glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria, is controversial. Recent studies suggest that serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level, a conventional marker of excessive alcohol consumption, predicts the CKD incidence. Little information is available on the difference in the clinical impact of alcohol consumption and GGT on proteinuria.Methods: The present cross-sectional survey included 332,296 Japanese people aged ≥40 years in 2008. To examine the associations of GGT and alcohol consumption with proteinuria, 134,600 men and 197,696 women were classified into 20 categories based on GGT quartiles and alcohol consumption categories, and their prevalence rate ratios (PRR) of proteinuria defined as ≥1+ of dipstick urinary protein were calculated after adjusting for clinically relevant factors.Results: Prevalence of proteinuria was 7.5 and 3.7 % in men and women, respectively. In both gender an association between alcohol consumption and proteinuria was in a J-shaped fashion with the lowest PRR of mild drinkers with ≤19 g/day of ethanol consumption, whereas an association between serum GGT level and proteinuria was linear. Compared with rare drinkers in the lowest GGT quartile, the subjects in higher GGT quartiles had a higher probability of proteinuria, irrespective of alcohol consumption. An optimal cutoff level of serum GGT was 43.6 and 23.2 IU/L in men and women, respectively.Conclusions: The subjects with higher serum GGT level had a higher probability of proteinuria, regardless of alcohol consumption, suggesting that GGT has a clinically greater impact on CKD than alcohol consumption.
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U2 - 10.1007/s10157-014-0938-5
DO - 10.1007/s10157-014-0938-5
M3 - Article
C2 - 24493465
AN - SCOPUS:84919875610
VL - 18
SP - 899
EP - 910
JO - Clinical and Experimental Nephrology
JF - Clinical and Experimental Nephrology
SN - 1342-1751
IS - 6
ER -