Biomimetic apatite deposition on titanium substrates treated with low concentrations of H₂O₂ solutions

Titanium substrates were provided with ability of biomimetic apatite deposition in a simulated body fluid by means of chemical treatment and subsequent thermal treatment. Examined were the effects of the chemical treatment time, the concentration and pH conditions of the H₂O₂ solutions on formation of bioactive titania gel layer and in vitro bioactivity. The optimum process consist of 6 mass% H₂O₂ treatment at 60 °C for 3-6 h and subsequent thermal treatment at 400 °C for 1h. Reactions between the titanium substrates and H₂O₂ involved titania gel formation and Ti (IV) dissolution. Each reaction rates well related with the concentration and pH of the H₂O₂ solutions.