TY - JOUR
T1 - Correlation between formaldehyde emission characteristics in enclosed desiccators with five different geometries
AU - Kang, Yujin
AU - Yoo, Sung Jun
AU - Ito, Kazuhide
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to express special thanks to the benefactors. They also would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions to improve the quality of this article. The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study was partially supported by grants-in-aid for scientific research (JSPS KAKENHI for Scientific Research (A), 18H03807).
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2020.
PY - 2021/4
Y1 - 2021/4
N2 - The static headspace method using a small enclosed chamber has been extensively used to estimate the emission characteristics of formaldehyde, e.g., emission rates from building materials. The formation of the transient formaldehyde concentration by emission, diffusion and sorption in a small confined chamber was investigated using three-dimensional modelling and numerical analyses. Here, five types of glass desiccators were adopted as the small chamber for the headspace method. The inner geometries of the desiccator with the emission source (the building material) and sorbent (water in a Petri dish) were precisely modelled. Transient numerical analyses were performed to determine the formaldehyde emission from different building materials of the external (evaporative) diffusion control type, molecular diffusion and sorption on the water in the confined desiccators. In order to clarify the effect of the desiccator inner geometry on the formaldehyde emission characteristics, the equivalent diffusion length (Ld) concept, which could be identified as the representative one-dimensional diffusion length scale, was proposed. The results of the numerical analyses showed that Ld and the formaldehyde concentration in the sorbent solution over a 24 h numerical experiment were significantly affected by the desiccator geometry. These results confirmed that the calibration of the emission rate with external diffusion control using Ld is appropriate when measuring the formaldehyde emission rate in an enclosed desiccator with different geometries.
AB - The static headspace method using a small enclosed chamber has been extensively used to estimate the emission characteristics of formaldehyde, e.g., emission rates from building materials. The formation of the transient formaldehyde concentration by emission, diffusion and sorption in a small confined chamber was investigated using three-dimensional modelling and numerical analyses. Here, five types of glass desiccators were adopted as the small chamber for the headspace method. The inner geometries of the desiccator with the emission source (the building material) and sorbent (water in a Petri dish) were precisely modelled. Transient numerical analyses were performed to determine the formaldehyde emission from different building materials of the external (evaporative) diffusion control type, molecular diffusion and sorption on the water in the confined desiccators. In order to clarify the effect of the desiccator inner geometry on the formaldehyde emission characteristics, the equivalent diffusion length (Ld) concept, which could be identified as the representative one-dimensional diffusion length scale, was proposed. The results of the numerical analyses showed that Ld and the formaldehyde concentration in the sorbent solution over a 24 h numerical experiment were significantly affected by the desiccator geometry. These results confirmed that the calibration of the emission rate with external diffusion control using Ld is appropriate when measuring the formaldehyde emission rate in an enclosed desiccator with different geometries.
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U2 - 10.1177/1420326X20908918
DO - 10.1177/1420326X20908918
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85082422160
VL - 30
SP - 565
EP - 577
JO - Indoor and Built Environment
JF - Indoor and Built Environment
SN - 1420-326X
IS - 4
ER -