抄録
Currently, chemical carcinogens are classified into two groups, that is, genotoxic carcinogens and nongenotoxic carcinogens. The former are chemicals that induce tumors through genotoxic mechanisms such as mutations, while the latter are those that induce tumors through nongenotoxic mechanisms such as hormonal effects or cell toxicity. This classification has strong implications in regulation of chemicals because neither thresholds nor acceptable daily intake levels are accepted for genotoxic carcinogens. However, this regulatory policy, that is, a linear no-threshold model for genotoxic carcinogens, has been challenged recently. Humans possess a number of self-defense mechanisms, which may suppress genotoxicity of chemicals at low doses to spontaneous levels, thereby establishing practical thresholds. In addition, it is not simple to distinguish genotoxic from nongenotoxic carcinogens. In this chapter, we argue the challenges in the identification of genotoxicity of chemicals and discuss possible roles of DNA repair and translesion DNA synthesis in the practical thresholds for genotoxicity.
| 元の言語 | 英語 |
|---|---|
| ホスト出版物のタイトル | Thresholds of Genotoxic Carcinogens: From Mechanisms to Regulation |
| 出版者 | Elsevier Inc. |
| ページ | 49-66 |
| ページ数 | 18 |
| ISBN（印刷物） | 9780128016633 |
| DOI | |
| 出版物ステータス | 出版済み - 5 25 2016 |
Fingerprint
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Medicine(all)
これを引用
Possible Mechanisms Underlying Genotoxic Thresholds : DNA Repair and Translesion DNA Synthesis. / Nohmi, Takehiko; Tsuzuki, Teruhisa.
Thresholds of Genotoxic Carcinogens: From Mechanisms to Regulation. Elsevier Inc., 2016. p. 49-66.研究成果: 著書/レポートタイプへの貢献 › 章
}
TY - CHAP
T1 - Possible Mechanisms Underlying Genotoxic Thresholds
T2 - DNA Repair and Translesion DNA Synthesis
AU - Nohmi, Takehiko
AU - Tsuzuki, Teruhisa
PY - 2016/5/25
Y1 - 2016/5/25
N2 - Currently, chemical carcinogens are classified into two groups, that is, genotoxic carcinogens and nongenotoxic carcinogens. The former are chemicals that induce tumors through genotoxic mechanisms such as mutations, while the latter are those that induce tumors through nongenotoxic mechanisms such as hormonal effects or cell toxicity. This classification has strong implications in regulation of chemicals because neither thresholds nor acceptable daily intake levels are accepted for genotoxic carcinogens. However, this regulatory policy, that is, a linear no-threshold model for genotoxic carcinogens, has been challenged recently. Humans possess a number of self-defense mechanisms, which may suppress genotoxicity of chemicals at low doses to spontaneous levels, thereby establishing practical thresholds. In addition, it is not simple to distinguish genotoxic from nongenotoxic carcinogens. In this chapter, we argue the challenges in the identification of genotoxicity of chemicals and discuss possible roles of DNA repair and translesion DNA synthesis in the practical thresholds for genotoxicity.
AB - Currently, chemical carcinogens are classified into two groups, that is, genotoxic carcinogens and nongenotoxic carcinogens. The former are chemicals that induce tumors through genotoxic mechanisms such as mutations, while the latter are those that induce tumors through nongenotoxic mechanisms such as hormonal effects or cell toxicity. This classification has strong implications in regulation of chemicals because neither thresholds nor acceptable daily intake levels are accepted for genotoxic carcinogens. However, this regulatory policy, that is, a linear no-threshold model for genotoxic carcinogens, has been challenged recently. Humans possess a number of self-defense mechanisms, which may suppress genotoxicity of chemicals at low doses to spontaneous levels, thereby establishing practical thresholds. In addition, it is not simple to distinguish genotoxic from nongenotoxic carcinogens. In this chapter, we argue the challenges in the identification of genotoxicity of chemicals and discuss possible roles of DNA repair and translesion DNA synthesis in the practical thresholds for genotoxicity.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85011774706&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85011774706&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-12-801663-3.00004-2
DO - 10.1016/B978-0-12-801663-3.00004-2
M3 - Chapter
SN - 9780128016633
SP - 49
EP - 66
BT - Thresholds of Genotoxic Carcinogens: From Mechanisms to Regulation
PB - Elsevier Inc.
ER -