Synthesis and Characterization of Sol-Gel Derived Strontium Doped S53P4 Bioglass

This study concerns the evaluation of the bioactivity and cells response of strontium (Sr) doped sol-gel derived S53P4 bioglass due to Sr induced osteoblast. Moreover it prevents in-vitro osteoclastic activity and is clinically used as osteoporosis treatment. The different amount of Sr was doped into the S53P4 bioglass formulation (53.82%SiO2-1.72%P2O5-22.64%Na2O-(21.76-x)%CaO-x%SrO) (x=0, 3 and 5 mol %) and synthesized via sol-gel method. These samples were denoted as 0Sr, 3Sr and 5Sr respectively. After soaking in Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) for 7 and 14 days, the apatite formation was examined using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. Proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity were evaluated using osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1. The XRD and SEM findings confirmed the hydroxyapatite (HA) structure on the bioglass surface after soaking. More intense HA peaks were observed in 3Sr specimen on 7 day while in 5Sr specimen on 14 day. Meanwhile, 3Sr specimen showed the highest cells proliferation and significant difference in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity than 0Sr and 5Sr. As a result, this finding indicates that S53P4 bioglass with 3 mol % SrO (3Sr) is a good candidate for bone tissue engineering because it allows for optimum cell proliferation and ALP activity while also having a high bioactivity efficiency.