The standard model gauge symmetry from higher-rank unified groups in grand gauge-Higgs unification models

We study grand unified models in the five-dimensional space-time where the extra dimension is compactified on S¹/ℤ₂. The spontaneous breaking of unified gauge symmetries is achieved via vacuum expectation values of the extra-dimensional components of gauge fields. We derive one-loop effective potentials for the zero modes of the gauge fields in SU(7), SU(8), SO(10), and E₆ models. In each model, the rank of the residual gauge symmetry that respects the boundary condition imposed at the orbifold fixed points is higher than that of the standard model. We verify that the residual symmetry is broken to the standard model gauge symmetry at the global minima of the effective potential for certain sets of bulk fermion fields in each model.